From: Relationship between loneliness and internet addiction: a meta-analysis
References | N | r | Male% | Age | Grade | Region | Measurement tool of IA | Research design | Research year |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Alheneidi, H.(2021) [87] | 593 | 0.43 | 32 | adult | university | West Asia | IAT-20 | cross-sectional study | after |
Andreou, E.(2013) [91] | 384 | 0.16 | 45.6 | adolescent | secondary schools | Europe | IAT-20 | cross-sectional study | before |
Bakioglu, F.(2020) [92] | 325 | 0.61 | 42.2 | adult | university | West Asia | IAT-12 | cross-sectional study | before |
Bozoglan, B.(2013) [93] | 384 | 0.605 | 29.7 | adult | university | West Asia | CIAS | cross-sectional study | before |
Cao, Q.(2020) [94] | 1218 | 0.241 | 55.25 | adolescent | primary schools | East Asia | YDQ | cross-sectional study | before |
Cheung, C.S.(2018) [95] | 665 | 0.191 | 51.7 | adolescent | secondary schools | East Asia | CIAS | cross-sectional study | before |
Eldeleklioglu, J.(2013) [96] | 206 | 0.17 | 44.2 | adolescent | secondary schools | West Asia | IAT-20 | cross-sectional study | before |
Hong, M.(2021) [97] | 364 | 0.44 | 33.5 | adult | university | East Asia | IAT-20 | cross-sectional study | before |
Karakose, T.(2022) [14] | 432 | 0.149 | 42.1 | adult | secondary schools | West Asia | IAT-12 | cross-sectional study | after |
Koyuncu, T.(2014) [98] | 1157 | 0.121 | 55 | adolescent | secondary schools | West Asia | IAT-20 | cross-sectional study | before |
Li, W.(2016) [99] | 73 | 0.544 | 53.4 | adult | university | East Asia | CIAS | longitudinal study | before |
Lin, X.(2018) [100] | 626 | 0.34 | 41.5 | adult | university | East Asia | IAT-20 | cross-sectional study | before |
Mamun, M.A.(2020) [101] | 605 | 0.188 | 51.6 | adult | university | South Asia | IAT-20 | cross-sectional study | before |
Ozdemir, Y.(2014) [102] | 648 | 0.32 | 66 | adult | university | West Asia | IAT-20 | cross-sectional study | before |
Oztekin, C.(2020) [103] | 203 | 0.277 | 0 | adult | university | West Asia | IAT-12 | longitudinal study | before |
Ozturk, A.(2021) [104] | 1028 | 0.525 | 39.7 | adult | university | West Asia | IAT-20 | cross-sectional study | before |
Peng,C.(2021) [105] | 15,232 | 0.26 | 51.8 | adolescent | secondary schools | East Asia | IAT-20 | cross-sectional study | before |
Senormanci,O.(2014) [106] | 40 | 0.045 | 100 | adult | university | West Asia | IAT-20 | cross-sectional study | before |
Shi, X.(2017) [29] | 3289 | 0.221 | 41.3 | adolescent | secondary schools | East Asia | YDQ | cross-sectional study | before |
Shi, X.(2023) [107] | 3363 | 0.22 | 45.6 | adolescent | secondary schools | East Asia | YDQ | cross-sectional study | after |
Simcharoen, S.(2018) [108] | 324 | 0.292 | 43.2 | adult | university | Southeast Asia | IAT-20 | cross-sectional study | before |
Tan, K.A.(2019) [109] | 207 | 0.21 | 30 | adult | university | Southeast Asia | YDQ | cross-sectional study | before |
Tian, Y.(2020) [110] | 1047 | 0.285 | 44.85 | adolescent | secondary schools | East Asia | CIAS | longitudinal study | before |
Turan, N.(2020) [88] | 160 | −0.154 | 6.9 | adult | university | West Asia | IAT-20 | cross-sectional study | before |
Wongpakaran, N.(2021) [111] | 318 | 0.319 | 43 | adult | university | Southeast Asia | IAT-20 | cross-sectional study | before |
Yang, Y.(2022) [112] | 241 | 0.209 | 51 | adult | secondary schools | East Asia | CIAS | cross-sectional study | after |
Yang, H.(2022) [35] | 446 | 0.152 | 48.9 | adult | university | East Asia | CIAS | cross-sectional study | after |
Yao, M.Z.(2014) [1] | 361 | 0.36 | 51.7 | adult | university | East Asia | IAT-20 | cross-sectional study | before |
Zeng, W.(2016) [113] | 624 | 0.29 | 49.7 | adolescent | secondary schools | East Asia | IAT-20 | cross-sectional study | before |
Zhang, S.(2018) [114] | 169 | 0.295 | 47.9 | adolescent | university | East Asia | CIAS | cross-sectional study | before |
Zhao, Y.(2022) [115] | 783 | 0.35 | 50.3 | adult | university | East Asia | CIAS | cross-sectional study | after |
Zhao, Y.(2022) [116] | 108 | 0.3 | 63 | adolescent | university | East Asia | CIAS | cross-sectional study | after |