Primary School n = 2246 | Middle School n = 1209 | High School n = 1413 | College n = 3224 | |||||||||||||||||||||
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Male M(SD) | Female M(SD) | T | p | D | ES | Male M(SD) | Female M(SD) | T | p | D | ES | Male M(SD) | Female M(SD) | T | p | D | ES | Male M(SD) | Female M(SD) | T | p | D | ES | |
BMI (kg/m2) | 17.9 (3.33) | 17.2 (2.97) | 5.601 | < 0.001 | 0.24 | S | 20.7 (4.05) | 20.6 (3.39) | 0.329 | 0.743 | 0.02 | N | 22.0 (3.51) | 21.7 (3.15) | 1.674 | 0.094 | 0.09 | N | 22.4 (3.50) | 21.1 (2.91) | 11.559 | < 0.001 | 0.41 | M |
VC (mL) | 1796.8 (682.36) | 1648.2 (629.57) | 5.365 | < 0.001 | 0.23 | S | 3134.1 (910.81) | 2455.8 (584.74) | 15.349 | < 0.001 | 0.89 | L | 4364.7 (937.32) | 2917.8 (673.35) | 33.148 | < 0.001 | 1.78 | L | 3845.6 (959.97) | 3146.3 (870.01) | 21.657 | < 0.001 | 0.76 | M |
Standing Long Jump (cm) | - | - | 186.9 (27.34) | 152.4 (22.02) | 24.162 | < 0.001 | 1.39 | L | 211.4 (25.36) | 157.1 (20.77) | 43.878 | < 0.001 | 2.35 | L | 206.8 (32.27) | 177.3 (30.88) | 26.495 | < 0.001 | 0.94 | L | ||||
Sit-ups a | 29.4 (9.11) | 27.9 (8.87) | 3.415 | < 0.001 | 0.17 | N | 30.9 (9.63) | × | × | 32.9 (8.04) | × | × | 32.8 (9.48) | × | × | |||||||||
Chin-ups | - | - | - | - | 1.4 (2.61) | × | × | 2.7 (3.29) | × | × | 4.6 (4.65) | × | × | |||||||||||
Sit-and-reach (cm) | 7.5 (6.50) | 12.9 (6.00) | 20.661 | < 0.01 | 0.87 | L | 7.3 (6.36) | 13.0 (6.75) | -14.01 | < 0.001 | 0.81 | L | 9.8 (7.31) | 13.8 (6.74) | -10.918 | < 0.001 | 0.58 | M | 13.1 (7.13) | 15.3 (6.66) | -9.132 | < 0.001 | 0.32 | M |
50m × 8 shuttle run (s) b | 10.2 (1.18) | 10.6 (1.20) | -5.866 | < 0.001 | 0.36 | S | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||||||||||||
1 min rope skipping | 102.1 (36.07) | 108.4 (32.71) | -4.319 | < 0.001 | 0.18 | N | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||||||||||||
50m sprint (s) | 10.2 (1.18) | 10.6 (1.20) | -7.993 | < 0.001 | 0.34 | S | 8.5 (0.93) | 9.7 (0.98) | 21.585 | < 0.001 | 1.24 | L | 7.7 (0.700 | 9.5 (0.80) | 43.722 | < 0.001 | 2.32 | L | 8.1 (1.14) | 9.2 (1.13) | 25.406 | < 0.001 | 0.90 | L |
800m running (female)(s) | - | - | 258.7 (30.19) | × | × | 258.3 (27.22) | × | × | 261.3 (27.67) | × | × | |||||||||||||
1000m running(male)(s) | - | - | 288.5 (40.52) | × | × | 262.0 (34.77) | × | × | 268.3 (38.68) | × | × |